StringSection Blog

Posts Tagged ‘Adding string parts’

Spiccato and Martele bowings

Tuesday, June 9th, 2009

One of the most wide ranging techniques on a bowed stringed instrument is what is commonly referred to as staccato. In essence, staccato is where the notes are short and spiky – this can be achieved in different ways. The Martele (pronounced mart -el-lay) bow stroke is where the bow is gently pressed to the string and released rapidly to create a little ‘kick’ or accent at the beginning of each note. It can be played rapidly or slowly and there is generally a small gap between each note. Whereas this would be rarely applied when hiring string players to perform on a pop or rock track, it could be used in a more classical sound – perhaps for a film soundtrack or television production.

The spiccato bow stroke is what is commonly referred to as ‘off the string bowing’ because the bow leaves the string at the end of each stroke. This gives the music a distinctive sound which can be used in a variety of different context as it’s so versatile. Spiccato bowing is great for rapid scales and will create a ‘brilliant’ effect (as in bright) or could be applied in a slower and heavier passage to add drama.

Adding variety with spiccato and martele bowings can accentuate the strings by using the whole section, or just one group of instruments (for example, only violas) and both are widely used ways of adding interest or energy when orchestrating for strings.

Arpeggiated accompaniment

Sunday, April 19th, 2009

When the strings are more in the background, there are many ways in which they can add interest to the track without becoming too dominant.

The use of a repetitive arpeggiated accompaniment is one such technique – what this means is that the string section can oscillate between the various notes of the arpeggio (for example if the chord is in G major, the first violins could play G,B and D in rapid succession), then the second violins and violas could simultaneously add moving parts, using the other two notes of the same chord. The cello often adds stability to the other parts, by providing a more static line.

These arpeggios can be slurred, played with seperate bows or staccato bowing, they can be quavers or semi-quavers and you can vary the patterns of them according to the context of the track. Arpeggios can be very simple, even alternating between just two notes (rather like the piano accompaniment in the song ‘Imagine’ by John Lennon), but they can also be quite elaborate – using notes of more than one octave.

As the chords change in a song, the arpeggios can simply remain in the same pattern but just progress to the next chord.

Using arpeggios in a string arrangement can add life and movement to the track while remaining quite subtle and they can ‘lift’ a song, giving it buoyancy.

Use of chords in string arranging

Tuesday, April 7th, 2009

Sometimes when we’re just booked to turn up and record live strings for a session, we are handed parts where all the notes seem to be in unison, (meaning all the instruments are playing the same note or are spaced octaves apart). Although the composer or band may have envisaged this sounding full and orchestral, it doesn’t really bring out the best qualities of a string section.

The spacing of chords is very important, and often string arrangements fall down because the notes of a chord are distributed either in the wrong inversion or with too large a gap between them.

Bearing in mind that the violins are in the same register, with the viola five notes below them and the ‘cello an octave below the viola, very often the upper strings can cover three notes of a chord with the ‘cello providing an anchor or counter melody underneath – generally making sure all three notes of the chord are there (or all four notes in the case of a 7th chord).

By using ‘double stops’ (using different strings to play more than one note simultaneously), this can help the chord to sound much fuller with the cello part never straying too far from the root of the chord.

Of course, context is everything – if we’re writing string parts for a solo voice with guitar, it’ll be composed in a totally different way than if we need to arrange a much more orchestral piece to accompany drums, guitar, brass and piano.

The Compleat Angler

Wednesday, April 1st, 2009

 This week our congratulations go to guitarist Paul Brett whose new CD is just about ready for release.

 

Paul came up with an original and unique project which we were delighted to provide strings for – he has set to music poems from the ‘Compleat Angler’, a classic text by Izaac Walton about fish, fishing, the countryside & rural life, offering an account of that period in history (it was first published in 1653). The music on the album is written in a lyrical style for voice, guitar, strings and wind instruments.

 

Paul approached us with a beautifully prepared string score, orchestrated by string arranger Carla Zappala, so the recording session ran very smoothly at Woodworm studios. With the guitar parts already laid down, we were able to get strings for the entire album done on one chilly day at the end of January.

We’re often asked by clients for contact details of session musicians who play other instruments (not strings) and for Paul’s album, we were able to recommend Janna Huneke (session flautist & piccolo player) and Sarah Devonald (oboist) – and they provided the woodwind parts on the album.

 

More information on the album can be found here, along with some sound samples

 

The Compleat Angler

 

 We wish Paul every success with his new album and look forward to working with him again later this year on another project.

 

Bringing the strings to life….

Sunday, March 29th, 2009

Live strings have always been a popular choice for adding to pop or rock tracks, for many reasons. Often the texture of a particular song may be sparse and stringed instruments provide the perfect way to expand and fill out the sound. Sometimes a catchy “hook” played by the strings can really help a track come alive. In the case of The Beatles, a unique (and often imitated) soundscape was provided by the strings, with an edgy and percussive texture that added a real vibrancy to the songs. There are also tracks which spring to mind where an epic, orchestral string sound has been achieved. In all of these instances a skillful string arranger has been able to improve the existing music by sensitively arranging this most versatile of combinations without getting in the way of the rest of the instrumentation.

In this blog, I would like to write about what differentiates good string arranging from the less effective and hopefully give a few insights into what exactly goes into it. Often bands or composers (particularly those on a tight budget) will want to add string arrangements of their own to a particular song – and sometimes these are really terrific, so all we need to do is ‘tidy up’ the score and write in bowings / dynamics / articulations before the session. On other occasions, parts are written as simple chords on a keyboard, then hastily transcribed to stringed instruments – and  it does seem like a false economy to hire a studio, book session players and present them with parts that don’t really make the most of the full range of sound and playing effects that strings can offer.